# Furfural and furanics (FDCA): Regulation

Toxic, flammable and a suspected carcinogen

Source page: https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/furanics/regulation/

What this tab covers How it is regulated and what could disrupt supply: hazard classification, rules in the EU, US and India, anti-dumping duties and other trade measures, and supply-risk notes.

#### Hazards

| Classification | UN number | Key risks |
|---|---|---|
| Acute toxicity (oral, inhalation) category 3; carcinogenicity category 2; flammable liquid category 3 | UN1199 | Toxic by inhalation and ingestion; suspected carcinogen; flammable. |

#### Main rules

| Where | Rule | Effect |
|---|---|---|
| **EU** | REACH registration; CLP harmonised classification | Handling controls and exposure limits. |
| **US** | OSHA exposure limit; TSCA | Workplace controls. |
| **EU** | EFSA food contact assessment of PEF (indicative) | Needed before PEF can be used in bottles. |

#### India

| Rule | Effect |
|---|---|
| **MSIHC Rules 1989 (hazardous chemical storage, indicative)** | Safety rules for storage and handling |
| **No anti-dumping duty on furfural found in sources reached** |  |

#### Trade measures

- None found in sources reached

#### Supply risk

China supplies most furfural; Chinese environmental closures have caused shortages (indicative). FDCA supply rests on one plant.

## Other sections

- [Summary](https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/furanics/index.md)
- [Overview](https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/furanics/overview/index.md)
- [Correlation](https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/furanics/correlation/index.md)
- [Production route](https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/furanics/routes/index.md)
- [Production](https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/furanics/production/index.md)
- [Feedstocks](https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/furanics/feedstocks/index.md)
- [Cycles](https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/furanics/cycles/index.md)
- [Trading](https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/furanics/trading/index.md)
- [Movement](https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/furanics/movement/index.md)
- [Characteristics](https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/furanics/characteristics/index.md)
- [Emissions](https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/furanics/emissions/index.md)
- [Relationships](https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/furanics/links/index.md)