# Phosphoric acid: Production

Where 8 Mt of new phosphate capacity is coming

Source page: https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/phosphoric_acid/production/

What this tab covers Who makes it and how much: world capacity and output, utilisation, the top producing countries and companies globally and in India, concentration, new capacity coming, and each region's position.

| Measure | Figure | Detail | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| **World capacity** | 63.7 Mt P2O5 world phosphate capacity (2025), rising to 71.7 Mt by 2029 | USGS reports capacity on a P2O5 basis across products; acid-specific capacity is not separated. | USGS MCS 2026 |
| **World output** | about 45 Mt P2O5 (2025, indicative) | World P2O5 used in fertiliser was 47.8 Mt; most goes through wet-process acid. | USGS MCS 2026 (indicative derivation) |
| **Capacity utilisation** | about 75% of world phosphate capacity (2025, derived) | 47.8 Mt against 63.7 Mt; Nutrien ran its phosphate plants at 80% in 2025; Mosaic cut US output by about 2 Mt in 2026 on sulphur costs. | Phosphate tile (USGS; Nutrien 2025 MD&A); Hellenic Shipping News (2026) |
| **Concentration** | China about 44% of rock; top 3 (China, Morocco, US) about 66% (2025, proxy) | Shares are of phosphate rock, used as a proxy because acid output by country is not published. Morocco holds 68% of world reserves. OCP dominates the merchant acid trade. | USGS MCS 2026 |
| **New capacity** | 8 Mt P2O5 of new world capacity by 2029 (USGS) | Expansions in Brazil, Kazakhstan, Mexico, Morocco and Russia by 2028; new mines in Canada, Congo, Guinea-Bissau and Senegal after 2028; Coromandel's 650 t/day Kakinada acid plant (FY26). | USGS MCS 2026; Coromandel FY26 |

#### Top producing countries
 China 44% · 110 Mt rock (2025); largest acid producer Morocco 14% · 36 Mt rock (2025); largest merchant acid exporter (OCP) United States 8% · 20 Mt rock (2025) Russia 5.6% · 14 Mt rock (2025) Jordan 4.8% · 12 Mt rock (2025); JPMC sells acid to India Saudi Arabia 4% · 10 Mt rock (2025) USGS MCS 2026 (rock output used as proxy); USGS MCS 2026 (proxy); USGS MCS 2026 (proxy); Argus (2026)

#### Largest producers: global

| Company | Country | Volume | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| **OCP Group** Largest merchant acid seller; joint ventures with Indian buyers | Morocco | not published | 2025 | [not published in sources used](https://www.ocpgroup.ma/) |
| **The Mosaic Company** Cut phosphate output by about 2 Mt in 2026 | US | not published | 2026 | [Hellenic Shipping News (2026)](https://mosaicco.com/) |
| **Ma'aden** Integrated rock, acid and DAP | Saudi Arabia | not published | 2025 | [not published in sources used](https://www.maaden.com.sa/) |
| **PhosAgro** Igneous apatite, low cadmium | Russia | not published | 2025 | [not published in sources used](https://www.phosagro.com/) |
| **Jordan Phosphate Mines Company (JPMC)** Settled Q2 and Q3 2026 contracts with Coromandel | Jordan | not published | 2026 | [Argus (2026)](https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news-and-insights/latest-market-news/2811740-phosacid-settles-at-1-360-t-p2o5-cfr-india-for-2q26) |
| **Nutrien** Settled Q1 2026 contract with Coromandel | Canada | not published | 2026 | [Fertilizer Daily (2026)](https://www.fertilizerdaily.com/20260706-india-phosphoric-acid-price/md/) |
| **Yuntianhua** Largest Chinese phosphate producer (indicative) | China | not published | 2025 | not published in sources used |

#### Largest producers: India

| Company | Country | Volume | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| **Coromandel International** Added a 650 t/day phosphoric acid plant at Kakinada; also a leading acid importer | India | not published | 2026 | [Coromandel FY26 results via phosphate tile](https://www.coromandel.biz/) |
| **Paradeep Phosphates** Acid and DAP at Paradip | India | not published | 2025 | [not published in sources used](https://www.paradeepphosphates.com/) |
| **IFFCO** Paradeep complex; JV acid supply from Jordan and Senegal (indicative) | India | not published | 2025 | [not published in sources used](https://www.iffco.in/) |
| **Hindalco (Dahej)** Uses copper smelter acid | India | not published | 2025 | [not published in sources used](https://www.hindalco.com/) |
| **GSFC** Sikka and Vadodara phosphate units | India | not published | 2025 | [not published in sources used](https://www.gsfclimited.com/) |

India has little phosphate rock and imports rock (40.4% of world rock import value in 2024), acid and DAP. It is the largest buyer of merchant acid (36.5% of world import value in 2024, UN Comtrade), through quarterly contracts with OCP, JPMC, Nutrien and others, and through overseas joint ventures.

#### Position by region

| Region | Position |
|---|---|
| **US** | Mosaic and Nutrien integrate rock and acid; US recovered 45 kt FSA from three acid plants in 2025 (USGS). |
| **EU** | Few acid plants remain; imports low-cadmium acid and fertiliser to meet the 60 mg Cd/kg P2O5 limit. |
| **India** | Largest merchant acid importer; contract prices rose 32% from Q1 to Q3 2026. |
| **China** | Largest producer; export quotas on phosphate fertilisers shape world supply; growing LFP demand for purified acid. |
| **Japan** | Small; imports purified acid. |
| **Middle East** | Ma'aden and JPMC are large exporters; Gulf shipping risk hit sulphur and ammonia inputs in 2026. |

## Other sections

- [Summary](https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/phosphoric_acid/index.md)
- [Overview](https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/phosphoric_acid/overview/index.md)
- [Correlation](https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/phosphoric_acid/correlation/index.md)
- [Production route](https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/phosphoric_acid/routes/index.md)
- [Feedstocks](https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/phosphoric_acid/feedstocks/index.md)
- [Cycles](https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/phosphoric_acid/cycles/index.md)
- [Trading](https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/phosphoric_acid/trading/index.md)
- [Movement](https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/phosphoric_acid/movement/index.md)
- [Regulation](https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/phosphoric_acid/regulation/index.md)
- [Characteristics](https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/phosphoric_acid/characteristics/index.md)
- [Emissions](https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/phosphoric_acid/emissions/index.md)
- [Relationships](https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/phosphoric_acid/links/index.md)