# Boron: Production

How Turkey and the US came to dominate borates

Source page: https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/boron/production/

What this tab covers Who produces it and how much: world output over recent years, the top producing countries with their shares, USGS world figures for 2024 and 2025, and the largest producing companies globally and in India.

World Mining Data puts 2024 output at about 5.2 Mt of boron minerals, up 45% from 3.6 Mt in 2020. Turkey supplied 45% and the United States 25%, with Peru, Bolivia, China and Chile far behind. The HHI of 2,804 means high concentration. USGS cannot total world output because countries report different products, from crude ore to refined borates. Turkey's state producer dominates exports. In the United States, three Californian companies operate, and one open-pit mine leads.

#### Boron Minerals · WMD
 2020 3.60 m 2021 4.92 m 2022 5.35 m 2023 4.88 m 2024 5.24 m World production, tonnes (World Mining Data 2026).

#### Top producers 2024
 Turkey 44.9% United States 24.8% Peru 7.4% Bolivia 7.3% China 5.3% Chile 4.8% Argentina 3.6% Russia 1.8% Concentration: HHI 2,804, highly concentrated.

#### Largest producers by company, global

- **Eti Maden**: 2.65 Mt processed (2022)
- **Rio Tinto (Jadar project)**: 286 kt boric acid/yr planned (planned)
- **Nevada lithium-boron project (Australia-based developer)**: 170 kt boric acid/yr planned (planned (construction delayed to March 2026))
- **Bolivian ulexite producers**: 380 kt ulexite (national output) (2025)
- **Chinese borate producers**: 230 kt boric oxide equivalent (national output) (2025)

#### Largest producers by company, India

India has no borate production listed by USGS (2026). It imports natural borates (11.3% of world import value in 2024, third after China and Brazil) and refined borax and boric acid from Turkey and the US for glass, ceramics, tiles and micronutrient fertilisers. Boron is not on India's 2023 critical minerals list.

## Other sections

- [Summary](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/boron/index.md)
- [Overview](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/boron/overview/index.md)
- [Correlation](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/boron/correlation/index.md)
- [Extraction](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/boron/extraction/index.md)
- [Stocks](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/boron/stocks/index.md)
- [Cycles](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/boron/cycles/index.md)
- [Trading](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/boron/trading/index.md)
- [Movement](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/boron/movement/index.md)
- [Criticality](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/boron/criticality/index.md)
- [Characteristics](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/boron/characteristics/index.md)
- [Emissions](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/boron/emissions/index.md)
- [Relationships](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/boron/links/index.md)