# Sand & gravel: Production

The most mined material nobody can properly count

Source page: https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/sand_gravel/production/

What this tab covers Who produces it and how much: world output over recent years, the top producing countries with their shares, USGS world figures for 2024 and 2025, and the largest producing companies globally and in India.

No world total exists. Countries report sand and gravel in incompatible ways, and many not at all. Smil puts global use of bulk construction materials (sand, gravel, clay and stone) at around 40 Gt a year. The US produced about 870 million t in 2025, down from 880 million t in 2024. Some 3,400 companies operated 6,500 pits. Ten states supplied 54% of output, led by Texas, California and Arizona. Production is local and fragmented, so national concentration measures mean little. What matters is how many pits lie within trucking distance of a city.

No global production series is published for this commodity in the datasets used.

#### Largest producers by company, global
 Vulcan Materials 227 million short tons of aggregates shipped, latest reported year.

#### Largest producers by company, India
 Coal India (WCL and other subsidiaries) 2.9 million m3 sand a year planned from nine plants (4,250 m3/day existing, 5,500 m3/day proposed), latest reported year.

## Other sections

- [Summary](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/sand_gravel/index.md)
- [Overview](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/sand_gravel/overview/index.md)
- [Correlation](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/sand_gravel/correlation/index.md)
- [Extraction](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/sand_gravel/extraction/index.md)
- [Stocks](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/sand_gravel/stocks/index.md)
- [Cycles](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/sand_gravel/cycles/index.md)
- [Trading](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/sand_gravel/trading/index.md)
- [Movement](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/sand_gravel/movement/index.md)
- [Criticality](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/sand_gravel/criticality/index.md)
- [Characteristics](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/sand_gravel/characteristics/index.md)
- [Emissions](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/sand_gravel/emissions/index.md)
- [Relationships](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/sand_gravel/links/index.md)