# Titanium: Stocks

Billions of tons of resources; geology is not the limit

Source page: https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/titanium/stocks/

What this tab covers How much is left and how much is held. For minerals and energy: reserves, current output, years of supply and recycling for the top five countries. For farm commodities: production, ending stocks and stocks-to-use for the top five producers (USDA, October 2026). It also covers inventories and stockpiles.

#### Top five countries: reserves, output and years of supply

| Country | Reserves thousand t TiO2 content (ilmenite) | Current output thousand t TiO2 content (ilmenite mine production, 2025e) | Years of supply | Recycling |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| **China** | 110,000 | 3,200 | 34 | n/a |
| **Mozambique** | – | 1,900 | – | n/a |
| **South Africa** | 28,000 | 1,300 | 22 | n/a |
| **Australia** | 170,000 | 780 | 218 | n/a |
| **Norway** | 37,000 | 390 | 95 | n/a |

 USGS MCS 2026, Titanium Mineral Concentrates (world mine production and reserves table). Years of supply = reserves ÷ current output; reserves grow as prices and technology change, so this is not a countdown.

#### Recycling

Titanium concentrates are not recycled (USGS: recycling none). Rutile is reported separately: world output 450 kt TiO2 in 2025 against reserves over 49 Mt, led by Australia (200 kt; 35 Mt reserves). Metal scrap is recycled into ingot: the US imported 32 kt of titanium scrap in 2025, but US scrap consumption data are withheld (USGS). EU end-of-life recycling input rate for titanium metal is 1% (EU CRM 2023). No India, China or Japan rate was found. Mozambique reserves are not available.

USGS puts world reserves at more than 540 Mt of TiO2 content. Against 9.8 Mt mined in 2025, that is roughly 55 years. Resources of anatase, ilmenite and rutile exceed 2 billion tons, so geology is not the constraint. Concentrates are not recycled. Metal scrap matters: the United States imported an estimated 32,000 t of titanium scrap in 2025. The EU end-of-life recycling input rate for titanium metal is only 1%. The US stockpile listed potential acquisitions of 15,000 t of titanium for FY 2025.

#### Reserves
 World reserves 540,000 thousand metric tons, TiO2 content (world total given as >540,000) Reserve life 55 years at 2025 production Australia (ilmenite + rutile) 38% China 20% Canada 9% Norway 7% South Africa (ilmenite + rutile) 6% Largest reserve holders, share of world reserves (USGS MCS 2026). Reserves are what is economic to extract today, not what exists.

#### Recycling
 End-of-life recycling input rate in the EU: 1% of demand met from post-consumer scrap (EU CRM study 2023).

Titanium mineral concentrates are not recycled; US consumption data for titanium scrap were withheld or unavailable.

## Other sections

- [Summary](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/titanium/index.md)
- [Overview](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/titanium/overview/index.md)
- [Correlation](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/titanium/correlation/index.md)
- [Extraction](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/titanium/extraction/index.md)
- [Production](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/titanium/production/index.md)
- [Cycles](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/titanium/cycles/index.md)
- [Trading](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/titanium/trading/index.md)
- [Movement](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/titanium/movement/index.md)
- [Criticality](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/titanium/criticality/index.md)
- [Characteristics](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/titanium/characteristics/index.md)
- [Emissions](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/titanium/emissions/index.md)
- [Relationships](https://www.materialinsights.org/commodities/titanium/links/index.md)