# Energy in buildings: Overview

Where a home's energy goes, from the hob to the phone

Source page: https://www.materialinsights.org/energy/e_buildings/overview/

Where a home's energy goes, from the hob to the phone What this tile covers Cooking, water heating, cooling and appliances in homes and offices. Share of use 30% share of final energy use (2021)

Share of world total final energy consumption (about 435 EJ, calculated: motor systems 13,462 TWh are 53% of electricity, so about 25,400 TWh or 91 EJ, and electricity is about 21% of final energy) that passes through this device or is used by this sector, latest year available. Electricity-based devices use electricity's 21% share of final energy (IEA WEO 2025). Overlaps between devices and sectors are allowed and noted. Operation of buildings was 30% of world final energy consumption in 2021. Overlaps heating, cooling, lighting and motor tiles. Source: [IEA Tracking Report: Buildings (via Global Alliance for Buildings and Construction)](https://globalabc.org/resources/publications/iea-tracking-report-buildings), International Energy Agency / GlobalABC.

#### Key facts

| **Chain** | Electrical → magnetic → eddy currents in pan → heat (induction cooktop) |
|---|---|

#### Included from the reference tables

- Gas and induction cooking
- Solar water heater and electric geyser
- Fans and pumps
- Rooftop solar and inverters
- Home inverter / UPS
- Phones and laptops

#### Also in Industry, buildings and farms
[HI Energy-intensive industry](https://www.materialinsights.org/energy/e_heavy_industry/)[DC Data centres](https://www.materialinsights.org/energy/e_data_centres/)[Agr Energy in farming](https://www.materialinsights.org/energy/e_agri_energy/)

Explore paths from here
 More on this tile in the tabs above: science and limits, value chain, unit economics, engineering methods, equipment and suppliers.

## Other sections

- [Summary](https://www.materialinsights.org/energy/e_buildings/index.md)
- [Correlation](https://www.materialinsights.org/energy/e_buildings/correlation/index.md)
- [Science and limits](https://www.materialinsights.org/energy/e_buildings/science/index.md)
- [Value chain](https://www.materialinsights.org/energy/e_buildings/valuechain/index.md)
- [Unit economics](https://www.materialinsights.org/energy/e_buildings/economics/index.md)
- [Engineering methods](https://www.materialinsights.org/energy/e_buildings/methods/index.md)
- [Equipment and suppliers](https://www.materialinsights.org/energy/e_buildings/equipment/index.md)
- [Relationships](https://www.materialinsights.org/energy/e_buildings/links/index.md)