# Power-to-X: Overview

How sunshine and wind could end up in a jet engine

Source page: https://www.materialinsights.org/energy/e_power_to_x/overview/

What this tile covers Using clean electricity to make hydrogen, then fuels and chemicals. Share of use <.01% share of final energy use (2025)

Share of world total final energy consumption (about 435 EJ, calculated: motor systems 13,462 TWh are 53% of electricity, so about 25,400 TWh or 91 EJ, and electricity is about 21% of final energy) that passes through this device or is used by this sector, latest year available. Electricity-based devices use electricity's 21% share of final energy (IEA WEO 2025). Overlaps between devices and sectors are allowed and noted. Just over 4 GW of water electrolysis at an assumed 40% load uses about 14 TWh, yielding at most about 0.035 EJ of hydrogen, about 0.008% of roughly 435 EJ final energy (calculated). Upper bound, since only part of this hydrogen is turned into ammonia, methanol or synthetic fuels. Source: [Global Hydrogen Review 2026: Production](https://www.iea.org/reports/global-hydrogen-review-2026/production), International Energy Agency.

#### Key facts

| **Chain** | Electrical → chemical (H2) + captured CO2 → synthetic fuel |
|---|---|

#### Included from the reference tables

- E-fuels (power-to-liquid)
- Green ammonia
- e-methanol and e-methane

#### Linked to the material world
[H2 Hydrogen](https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/hydrogen/)[NH3 Ammonia](https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/ammonia/)[MeOH Methanol](https://www.materialinsights.org/chemicals/methanol/)[eF Low-carbon hydrogen and e-fuels](https://www.materialinsights.org/energy/green_hydrogen_carriers/)

#### Also in Fuel processing
[eF Low-carbon hydrogen and e-fuels](https://www.materialinsights.org/energy/green_hydrogen_carriers/)[Ref Refining and reforming](https://www.materialinsights.org/energy/e_refining/)

Explore paths from here
 More on this tile in the tabs above: science and limits, value chain, unit economics, engineering methods, equipment and suppliers.

## Other sections

- [Summary](https://www.materialinsights.org/energy/e_power_to_x/index.md)
- [Correlation](https://www.materialinsights.org/energy/e_power_to_x/correlation/index.md)
- [Science and limits](https://www.materialinsights.org/energy/e_power_to_x/science/index.md)
- [Value chain](https://www.materialinsights.org/energy/e_power_to_x/valuechain/index.md)
- [Unit economics](https://www.materialinsights.org/energy/e_power_to_x/economics/index.md)
- [Engineering methods](https://www.materialinsights.org/energy/e_power_to_x/methods/index.md)
- [Equipment and suppliers](https://www.materialinsights.org/energy/e_power_to_x/equipment/index.md)
- [Relationships](https://www.materialinsights.org/energy/e_power_to_x/links/index.md)