# Public administration, defence and security: Chokepoints and risks

Governments raising taxes to fund law, defence, regulation and public services

Source page: https://www.materialinsights.org/industries/public_admin/risks/

#### Chokepoints and risks

- Military spending has risen for 11 straight years to US$ 2,887 billion, crowding other budgets as geopolitical tension persists^[1](https://www.sipri.org/sites/default/files/Military%20Expenditure%202025.pdf).
- India depends on imports for many key weapons systems and on a few global suppliers of engines, titanium and rare earth magnets.
- Single national digital systems (identity, payments, tax) concentrate cyber and outage risk.
- Procurement delays and cost overruns on large defence and infrastructure contracts slow delivery of capital spending.
- High public debt: global public debt was just under 94% of GDP in 2025 and the IMF projects 100% by 2029 (forecast), raising interest costs and limiting room for capital spending^[4](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/FM/Issues/2026/04/15/fiscal-monitor-april-2026).

## Other sections

- [Overview](https://www.materialinsights.org/industries/public_admin/index.md)
- [Where ₹100 goes](https://www.materialinsights.org/industries/public_admin/cost-mix/index.md)
- [Price links with suppliers](https://www.materialinsights.org/industries/public_admin/price-links/index.md)
- [Example story](https://www.materialinsights.org/industries/public_admin/story/index.md)
- [Linked industries](https://www.materialinsights.org/industries/public_admin/linked-industries/index.md)
- [Value chain](https://www.materialinsights.org/industries/public_admin/value-chain/index.md)
- [Materials drawn on](https://www.materialinsights.org/industries/public_admin/materials/index.md)
- [Sources](https://www.materialinsights.org/industries/public_admin/sources/index.md)