Finance: banking, insurance, markets and Water and sanitation

Water and sanitation buys from Finance: banking, insurance, markets; water and sanitation depends on finance: banking, insurance, markets.

Finance: banking, insurance, markets (industry) and Water and sanitation (industry): 2 relationships.

How they are linked

1. Buys from

Physical flow · ₹10 per ₹100 · Water and sanitation buys from Finance: banking, insurance, markets

Water and sanitation buys goods or services from Finance: banking, insurance, markets; counted through every round of supply, ₹10 of each ₹100 of its output goes to them (OECD input-output tables, India 2022).

• ₹10 of every ₹100 of Water and sanitation output, all rounds
• ₹4.2 bought directly

2. Industry input

Physical flow · Criticality 4 of 5 · Finance: banking, insurance, markets → Water and sanitation

2 of the enterprise types in Water and sanitation depend on finance: banking, insurance, markets.

Enterprise types that depend on it:

• Regulators, ministries and development lenders: bonds and project loans (criticality 4 of 5)
• Water EPC and design-build-operate contractors: bank guarantees and project finance (criticality 3 of 5)

Built from the site data on production routes, energy flows, industry value chains, input-output tables and prices.