Material Insights · Understanding the Material World

Paper and packaging and Water and sanitation

Paper and packaging buys from Water and sanitation; paper and packaging depends on water and sanitation.

Paper and packaging (industry) and Water and sanitation (industry): 2 relationships.

How they are linked

1. Buys from

Physical flow · ₹2 per ₹100 · Paper and packaging buys from Water and sanitation

Paper and packaging buys goods or services from Water and sanitation; counted through every round of supply, ₹2 of each ₹100 of its output goes to them (OECD input-output tables, India 2022).

  • ₹2 of every ₹100 of Paper and packaging output, all rounds
  • ₹1 bought directly

2. Industry input

Physical flow · Criticality 3 of 5 · Water and sanitation → Paper and packaging

1 of the enterprise types in Paper and packaging depend on water and sanitation.

Enterprise types that depend on it:

  • Integrated virgin-fibre paper and paperboard mills: intake and effluent (criticality 3 of 5)

Built from the site data on production routes, energy flows, industry value chains, input-output tables and prices.