Transport and logistics: Chokepoints and risks
Shipping, road, rail and air freight, warehousing and passenger transport operators
Chokepoints and risks
- Maritime chokepoints: Red Sea diversions lengthened East Asia-Europe voyages by about 30% and raised container TEU-mile demand by about 11%1.
- Carrier concentration: MSC alone runs 21.5% of container capacity and the top 10 lines about 85%, giving them pricing power when capacity is tight3.
- Fuel price shocks: IATA forecasts fuel at 31.4% of airline costs in 2026, and fuel is 42.1% of Indian road-freight costs2,4.
- India's modal imbalance: nearly 70% of freight moves by road, raising cost and emissions versus rail5.
- Decarbonisation rules (IMO, CORSIA, EU ETS) will require costly new fuels and ships within a decade.