Linear alkylbenzene: Characteristics
How chain length and isomers shape a detergent
What this tab covers The physical and chemical properties that set its grade, price and uses, with the commercial grades and the standards that define them.LAB quality is defined by chain length distribution (C10-C13), the share of the 2-phenyl isomer, and impurities such as tetralins and branched alkylates, which affect sulphonation colour, solubility and biodegradability.
Properties that matter commercially
| Property | Value / specification | Why it matters | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Molecular weight | about 236-242 (indicative) | sets LAS performance and sulphonation ratio | indicative |
| 2-phenyl isomer content | about 15-18% for HF; about 25-30% for Detal (indicative) | higher 2-phenyl improves LAS solubility in liquids | indicative |
| Bromine index and tetralins | low (indicative) | impurities darken LAS acid | indicative |
Commercial grades
- Standard LAB (C10-C13)
- High 2-phenyl LAB for liquid detergents
- Heavy alkylate (by-product) for lubricants and cable oil