Indium: Production
Who refines the world's indium, and how steady output is
Who refines the world's indium, and how steady output is What this tab covers Who produces it and how much: world output over recent years, the top producing countries with their shares, USGS world figures for 2024 and 2025, and the largest producing companies globally and in India.World Mining Data shows refined indium flat at 917 to 1,020 t a year in 2020–24. China supplied 67.5%, South Korea 17.6%, Japan 6.4% and Canada 3.9%. An HHI of 4,925 means high concentration. USGS estimates 1,090 t in 2024 and 1,100 t in 2025, with China at 760 t. Supply has grown through smelters, not mines. Primary indium rose 1,675% from 1975 to 2012, while zinc grew 231%, as recovery from zinc ore improved (Nassar et al., pdf p. 7).
Indium · WMD
2020 944 2021 917 2022 997 2023 978 2024 1,020 World production, tonnes (World Mining Data 2026).Top producers 2024
China 67.5% Korea, South 17.6% Japan 6.4% Canada 3.9% France 2.1% Belgium 1.9% Russia 0.6% Uzbekistan 0.1% Concentration: HHI 4,925, highly concentrated.USGS estimate
World, 2024 1,090 metric tons (refinery production) World, 2025e 1,100 metric tons (refinery production)Largest producers by company, global
Chinese zinc smelters (country total) 760 Japanese refiners and ITO recyclers (country total) 65 t In (country refinery output), latest reported year.Largest producers by company, India
India has no reported indium refining; USGS lists no Indian output. Indium is on India's 2023 critical list, and the country imports metal and ITO targets for electronics. Hindustan Zinc's FY2025 integrated report reports no indium recovery.