Oranges & juice
Citrus fruit eaten fresh or squeezed into juice, with São Paulo dominating the juice trade and weather and disease driving prices.
Softs · No. 101
- Not on a critical list
- HHI 898 · unconcentrated
Brazil, mainly São Paulo state, is by far the top juice exporter, so a freeze there reaches your breakfast.
Chart: Illustration: Oranges & juice
Where it comes from
Chart: Map of where it comes from
Sweet oranges grow on grafted trees in warm subtropical belts, take years to bear, then crop for decades. The world grew 67.2 Mt in 2024.
Three things to know
- Brazil supplied 39.3% of world exports of unfrozen orange juice by value in 2024, mainly from São Paulo state.
- In real 2010 dollars the orange price more than tripled between 2021 ($0.60/kg) and 2024 ($1.96/kg).
- World orange output was 67.2 million tonnes in 2024, almost exactly the 2010 level, after growth from 49.7 Mt in 1990.
The journey
- 1 GrovesGrafted trees in subtropical groves
- 2 Hand pickingFruit harvested by hand
- 3 ExtractionPacked fresh or squeezed at plants
- 4 JuicePasteurised NFC or evaporated concentrate
- 5 Tanker shippingBulk tankers to port terminals
- 6 RetailBlended and packed for shops