How engine specs and ship fuel rules rewrite formulas
What this tab covers How it is regulated and what could disrupt supply: hazard classification, rules in the EU, US and India, anti-dumping duties and other trade measures, and supply-risk notes.
Hazards
Classification
UN number
Key risks
ZDDP: eye damage, aquatic chronic; some detergents: skin irritant
UN3082 where environmentally hazardous
Aquatic toxicity of some components; zinc and phosphorus in used oil.
Main rules
Where
Rule
Effect
US
API service categories and ILSAC GF-6 (phosphorus limits, fuel economy)
sets formulations
EU
ACEA sequences (low-SAPS C categories); REACH
limits ash, phosphorus, sulphur
Global
IMO 2020 sulphur cap
lower BN marine oils
India
Rule
Effect
BIS standards for engine oils and Lubricating Oils (Quality Control) orders (indicative)
minimum performance levels
Hazardous and Other Wastes Rules 2016 (used oil to registered re-refiners)
used oil recovery
Trade measures
none specific identified
Supply risk
Oligopoly of four with few plants; hurricane or plant outages on the US Gulf Coast can tighten supply. No critical-list status.