Material Insights · Understanding the Material World

Unsaturated polyester resins: Cycles

How a trade war hit China's quartz stone exports

How a trade war hit China's quartz stone exports What this tab covers How its prices and margins move: past booms and busts with price levels, the spread or margin that the industry watches, the drivers of the cycle and the metrics to track.

UPR is a conversion business with few published prices. Its price moves with styrene, maleic anhydride and glycols; producer margins depend on how quickly they pass on raw-material changes. Volumes cycle with construction, quartz stone exports, boats and cars. In China, output fell in 2018-2019 when US tariffs hit quartz stone, fell again in 2021-2022 with COVID and the property downturn, and recovered by 7% in 2023 (Chyxx). Listed Chinese producers earn low single-digit net margins, such as Shangwei's ¥65 million profit on ¥1.097 billion revenue in 2024.

The spread to watch UPR price minus (0.35 x styrene + 0.18 x maleic anhydride + 0.26 x phthalic anhydride + 0.27 x propylene glycol)

Not published as an index; resin makers track it internally. Level not found in sources reached.

Booms and busts

  1. 2018-2019

    The US-China trade war blocked quartz stone exports, a key Chinese UPR outlet, and Chinese UPR output fell (Chyxx).

    not published in sources reached

  2. 2021-2022

    COVID disruption and China's property downturn cut output again (Chyxx). Styrene and glycol costs rose with oil in 2022, squeezing resin makers (indicative).

    not published in sources reached; MEG above $1,000/t in early 2018 and near $350/t in April 2020 show input volatility (MEG tile)

  3. 2023-2024

    China output rose 7.27% to 3.23 Mt in 2023 and to about 3.45 Mt in 2024 on downstream demand and wind power; Yongyue's UPR revenue grew 13.4% to ¥158 million in H1 2024 (Chyxx).

    not published in sources reached; styrene $990.50/t FOB ARA on 21 Nov 2023 (styrene tile)

  4. 2026

    Aromatics spiked in March-April 2026 with Gulf disruption, raising styrene cost (benzene and styrene tiles).

    Asian styrene $1,030/t on 2 March 2026, a one-year high (styrene tile)

What drives the cycle

  • Styrene and glycol prices. About a third of the resin is styrene; aromatics and PO shocks pass through within weeks.
  • Construction and water infrastructure. Pipes, tanks, panels and sanitaryware are the largest uses.
  • Quartz stone trade. Tariffs on Chinese engineered stone cut UPR output in 2018-2019 (Chyxx).
  • Wind and automotive composites. Wind blade composite demand rose 22% in 2025; SMC parts for electric vehicles grow (Mordor).

Metrics to track

MetricWhy it mattersWhere to track it
Styrene and maleic anhydride pricesMain cost signalsS&P Global, ICIS, Chinese data services
China UPR output (monthly)Half of world volumeOilchem (Longzhong), Chyxx
Listed producer results (Shangwei, Yongyue)Margin signalcompany filings