Manganese: Relationships

Every element and industry that Manganese is linked to, and how. Each pair has its own card explaining the relationships between the two.

• Vehicles, ships, rail, aircraft: Vehicles take manganese two ways: inside the steel of every car, ship and rail wagon, as steel takes about 90% of manganese, and in a small but growing amount used in battery cathodes, where the high-purity sulphate comes almost entirely from China. (researched)
• Battery cathode materials: Manganese is a raw material for battery cathode materials.
• Construction and infrastructure: Construction and infrastructure depends on manganese.
• Fungicides: Manganese is a raw material for fungicides.
• Machinery and equipment: Machinery and equipment depends on manganese.
• Metal products: Metal products depends on manganese.
• Nickel-rich lithium-ion batteries: Nickel-rich lithium-ion batteries needs manganese.
• Waste and recycling: Waste and recycling depends on manganese.