Manganese: Movement

From South African railways to Chinese and Indian mills

What this tab covers How it flows between countries: the largest bilateral trade routes drawn on a world map, 2024 UN Comtrade export and import values with the top exporters and importers by share, plus shipping routes, chokepoints and trade restrictions.

Manganese ore (HS 2602) imports were worth $6.7 billion in 2024 (Comtrade). South Africa supplied 83.4% of export value, travelling by rail to its ports and then by sea. China took 65.3% of imports and India 16.4%. Gabon, a major miner, does not report its trade, so it is absent from these export shares. Ferromanganese (HS 7202.11) is a $1.1 billion trade led by India (48.2%) and Malaysia (28.9%); the US was the top importer at 22.1%. China imposed a 10% export tax on ferromanganese in 2006 (Humphreys).

Main trade routes, 2024

Chart: World map of the largest trade flows

Exporter (size = share of world exports) Importer (share of world imports) Largest bilateral flows (width = value) Shipping chokepoint UN Comtrade 2024, reported exports by the top four exporters of each traded form to their partners (US$). Bubbles: shares of reported world exports and imports for the main traded form. Hover a line or circle for values.

Manganese ore · HS 2602

World exports 2024 $3.71 bn sum of 40 reporting countries World imports 2024 $6.74 bn sum of 40 reporting countries Top exporters, share of value South Africa 83.4% Ghana 6.4% Brazil 2.3% China 1.9% Côte d'Ivoire 1.8% France 0.7% Top importers, share of value China 65.3% India 16.4% Norway 4.1% Japan 3.3% Malaysia 2.1% United States 1.4%

Ferromanganese · HS 720211

World exports 2024 $1.08 bn sum of 40 reporting countries World imports 2024 $1.06 bn sum of 40 reporting countries Top exporters, share of value India 48.2% Malaysia 28.9% France 6.6% South Africa 3.7% Poland 3.1% Netherlands 1.8% Top importers, share of value United States 22.1% Germany 9.3% Taiwan (Other Asia, nes) 6% South Korea 5.8% Italy 5.6% Poland 5.5% UN Comtrade, reporter declarations to the world, US$. Exports and imports are reported separately, so totals differ. Re-exporting hubs (Netherlands, Singapore, Switzerland, UAE) can appear large.