Yttrium: Stocks
Hidden inside the rare-earth reserve totals
What this tab covers How much is left and how much is held. For minerals and energy: reserves, current output, years of supply and recycling for the top five countries. For farm commodities: production, ending stocks and stocks-to-use for the top five producers (USDA, October 2026). It also covers inventories and stockpiles.Top five countries: reserves, output and years of supply
| Country | Reserves not quantified for yttrium (USGS) | Current output t Y2O3 equivalent (world 10,000-15,000 t in 2025e; no country split published) | Years of supply | Recycling |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| China | – | – | – | n/a |
| Burma | – | – | – | n/a |
| Australia | – | – | – | n/a |
| United States | – | – | – | n/a |
| India | – | – | – | n/a |
Recycling
USGS gives world yttrium output only as a range (10,000-15,000 t Y2O3 in 2025) and no reserves; total rare-earth reserves are led by China (44 Mt REO), Brazil (11 Mt) and Australia (6.3 Mt). EU CRM 2023 put yttrium extraction at China 68.3%, Australia 9.9%, United States 9.2%, Burma 7.5%, Russia 1.5%, Thailand 1.1% and India 1.0%. Recycling is insignificant in the US (USGS 2026) and the EU end-of-life recycling input rate is 1% (EU CRM 2023). No India, China or Japan rate was found.
Yttrium reserves are not quantified separately. They sit inside total rare-earth reserves, led by Australia, Brazil, China, Russia and Vietnam. Resources in monazite, xenotime, carbonatites and ionic clays are large. Recycling is insignificant: the EU end-of-life recycling input rate is 1%. Lamp phosphors once offered a scrap stream, but LEDs are shrinking it. US consumers rely on imports and stockpiled inventory of compounds and metal. Holding stocks matters because Chinese export licensing can interrupt flows.
Recycling
End-of-life recycling input rate in the EU: 1% of demand met from post-consumer scrap (EU CRM study 2023).Insignificant.