How rare-earth export controls could reach chip polishing
What this tab covers How it is regulated and what could disrupt supply: hazard classification, rules in the EU, US and India, anti-dumping duties and other trade measures, and supply-risk notes.
Hazards
Classification
UN number
Key risks
generally low hazard; oxidiser-containing slurries may be irritants (indicative)
usually not regulated (indicative)
Nanoparticle exposure; oxidiser handling.
Main rules
Where
Rule
Effect
EU
REACH nanomaterial reporting (indicative)
disclosure for nanoscale abrasives
China
Rare-earth export controls and quotas (2025, indicative)
could affect ceria supply
US
CHIPS Act incentives for materials suppliers (indicative)
supports local slurry and pad capacity
India
Rule
Effect
Semicon India Programme and Semicon 2.0 incentives for speciality materials
could support local slurry blending or pad finishing
Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act consents for fab effluent (indicative)
slurry wastewater treatment
Trade measures
Chinese rare-earth export controls (indicative) affect ceria
Supply risk
Concentrated suppliers (DuPont pads over 50%; Fujifilm 31% of slurries) and Chinese dominance in rare earths for ceria. Rare earths are on the EU, US and Indian critical lists.